Protein biosensors based on scanning potential hairpin denaturation and fluorescence resonance energy transfer

The ability of detecting multiple analytes simultaneously is an important advantage of protein sensors. But the denaturation of proteins on surfaces is still a challenge. In this paper, a protein biosensor providing high selectivity is introduced. This approach is based on DNA-Directed Immobilization (DDI) method, in which protein-DNA conjugates are immobilized on surface through DNA hybridization. Nonspecific binding is reduced by applying fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and scanning potential hairpin denaturation (SPHD) technologies. Excellent discrimination on different recognition patterns is obtained.