APPLICATION OF ANHYDROUS AMMONIA AS NITROGEN FERTILIZER, ITS INFLUENCE ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND YIELD OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS

The article presents the scientific results of anhydrous ammonia on the acid-base properties of leached chernozem carried out in the training and production center of Penza State Agrarian University (Russia). After adding anhydrous ammonia, an increase in pH values is observed. During the growing season, an increase in acidity is observed as nitrification of ammonium nitrogen into nitrate. This is especially manifested when ammonia is introduced in doses of 150 and 200 kg/ha. In variants using anhydrous ammonia in doses of 150 and 200 kg/ha, the amount of absorbed bases decreased by 1.4-2.2 meq/100 g of soil. The greatest decrease was observed in variants with doses of 200 kg/ha in physical weight. The introduction of anhydrous ammonia in doses of 100 to 200 kg/ha in physical weight increased the content of nitrate nitrogen in the soil from the beginning of the growing season to the time of harvesting and provided spring wheat plants with available nitrogen. When conducting plant diagnostics on options using anhydrous ammonia, signs of nitrogen starvation of spring wheat plants were not observed.