Enforcement of Polyurethane Composites with Nano-Sized Particles

The goal of the work is to obtain composites based on casting polyurethane and nanodispersed particles of silicon dioxide (1750 and T80) obtained by means of evaporation under electron beam. The particles were introduced into the polymer at the stage of its synthesis (in situ). For modified samples with 150 added (S-sp = 32 m(2)/g), the maximal increase in rupture strength is observed for the concentration of 0.005 and 0.01 mass % (by 12.2 and 7.2%, respectively). Elongation at breaking point increases by 49 and 50.1; strain at 100% elongation by 15.2 and 13.1; strain at 200% elongation by 11.8 and 8.7%, respectively, in comparison with non-modified sample. With additive concentration within the range 0.02-0.1 mass %, substantial elongation at breaking is observed (25.6-24.6%). For modified samples with the addition of T80 (S-sp = 84 m(2)/g), the maximal increase m rupture strength is observed for the concentration 0.05, 0.01 and 0.005 mass % (by 30.8, 12.9 and 9.9%, respectively). Elongation at breaking point increases by 25.4, 41.0 and 48.6%; strain at 100% elongation - by 20.2, 14.1 and 9.1%; strain at 200% elongation - by 18.1, 13.4 and 7.1%, respectively; strain at 300% elongation for the sample containing 0.05 mass % - by 12.5%. Strain at 200 and 300% elongation increases substantially for the sample with the concentration of the additive 0.1 mass % by 17.3 and 13.7%, respectively. For samples with additive concentration 1-10%, a substantial increase in the strain at 200% elongation is observed (29.9-34.6%).