Design and optimization of net zero energy solar homes

Homes that utilize solar thermal and solar photovoltaic (PP) technologies to generate as much energy as their yearly load are referred to as net zero energy solar homes (ZESHs). Various design guidelines exist that help designers determine form and orientation of buildings along with the best combination of thermal mass and windows. In addition, numerous components are essential to achieve the net zero energy target, including solar thermal collectors, PV and efficient HVAC systems. Building simulation programs are an essential tool used in the design process to assess different technologies and building configurations. Building simulation and solar system simulation tools and methods have been converging toward modeling environments that consider the full complexities and coupling between thermal processes and solar generation systems. In the future, design optimization tools could assist designers in determining the most cost-effective ZESH design options.