The Influence of Diabetes Mellitus on Sodium Homeostasis in Patients with Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure

The objective of the study was to analyze the characteristics of the patients with preserved ejection fraction heart failure (HfpEF) who develop hyponatremia, in relationship with the diabetes mellitus (DM). The current study is an observational retrospective one, that included 36 patients (25 women, 11 men), aged 66.6 +/- 3.1 years, hospitalized for decompensated chronic heart failure, with a left ventricular ejection fraction >40%. 33% (n=12) of the enrolled patients had hyponatremia, which was strong associated with DM (75% vs 17%, p<0.0005). In hyponatremic patients group was no association between DM and age, gendre, smoking, artrial hypertension, dyslipidemia, ejection fraction distribution or NTproBNP As for medication at admission, we found an association of the presence of DM with betablockers(100% vs 67%, p<0.05) and with statins(89% vs 67%, p<0.05). In our study, DM and non-DM patients with low serum sodium values and HfpEF have quite similar clinical profile, since the differences we found do not explain the high prevalence of DM in hyponatremic patients. As a conclusion, the presence of DM itself may explain the high prevalence of DM in hyponatremic patients, but is necessary to have larger studies with more variables included to assess HFpEF patients with DM and hyponatremia.