Automated Layer-by-Layer Deposition of Polyelectrolytes in Flow Mode

Multilayer structures of conducting polymers were fabricated by a simply automated approach in flow mode. Polyaniline and poly(styrene sulfonate) were used as a model system, allowing a fast electrochemical and spectroscopic determination of the amount of deposited material. The technology was applied for layer-by-layer deposition of up to 100 bilayers. The results demonstrate a well reproducible and almost constant amount of the adsorbed polymer at each deposition cycle. The method can be applied for deposition of other conducting or non-conducting polymers, biological macromol-ecules and composites of polyelectrolytes and nanoparticles.