Dynamic Vibrational Spectroscopy in Condensed Matter Chemistry: Theory and Techniques

The essence of chemical change is the formation and breaking of chemical bonds. The main feature of condensed matter chemistry is that the dynamic interaction and kinetic coupling between the physical and chemical processes in the molecule and the surrounding environment, not only affect the equilibrium and reaction rate of the chemical reaction of chemical bond formation and breaking process, but also change the direction and outcome of the chemical reaction. Dynamic vibration spectroscopy is one of the most powerful modern spectroscopic characterization techniques for detecting various microscopic molecular details in the condensed phase and on its surface or at its interface. Like the pulsed NMR technology, scientists use a set of carefully designed laser pulses to stimulate the complex optical responses in a condensed matter chemical system. The resulting signal contains a much richer information on reaction mechanism than that with traditional absorption spectra. The microscopic information of the molecules such as their structure, molecular motion, charge and energy transfer can be obtained. In recent years, various dynamic vibrational spectroscopy has been developed and applied in various fields of condensed-state chemistry, especially in the field of solution state and surface / interface state. A series of breakthroughs have been made and are in the process of continuous development. In this article, we briefly review and prospect the basic concepts of dynamic vibration spectroscopy techniques, experimental methods and theoretical frameworks, as well as their important applications in condensed state and surface state chemistry.