Estimation of Ground Level PM2.5 by using MODIS Satellite data

Particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere, is well-known adverse indicator on human health, especially fine particulate matter (PM2.5) reflected with respiratory and cardiovascular disease. High PM concentrations in the atmosphere impairs visibility and renders of bad quality air. The Punjab Environmental Protection Deptt. (EPD) has installed more than 8 ground stations for monitoring of PM 2.5 concentration in Lahore city. However, these stations cover only a limited area which leaves most of the land as unaccounted. To overcome such deficiency, satellite remote sensing MODIS product can be used as an alternative. Common statistical models and MODIS 10 km aerosol product are used to develop a relationship between PM2.5 and Aerosol optical depth (AOD). MODIS 3 km aerosol product is readily available since 2014 for estimation of PM 2.5. In this paper, the levels of PM 2.5 are determined by combining Aeronet AOD, MODIS AOD and ground based EPD PM 2.5 in Lahore city. MODIS 3km and 10 km products are used to extract all ground Aeronet stations pixel values and validated with Aerosol Robotic Network AOD (Aeronet AOD) for best estimation. Two variable method (TVM) or simple linear regression model is used to estimate PM 2.5 concentration. Results shows that the 10 km AOD product provide better estimation with higher R-2 values as compared to MODIS 3km product.