Conduct problems in children. Characteristics of families recruited for a clinical outcome trial as compared to families in an implementation study

The implementation of empirically supported treatments (EST) is recommended as a way to transfer knowledge from research to clinical practice and to improve service quality. One area of concern has been client representativeness, that is to which degree participants in EST studies resembles the target group in usual care settings. For children with conduct problems the recommended ESTs have been parent training or parent mediated programs. The aim of this article is to explore and describe central parent and family characteristics of families with conduct disordered children recruited from ordinary clinical practice in connection with the evaluation of the Parent Management Training Oregon (PMTO) model in Norway, and to see whether the families recruited to a randomized control trial (RCT) differ from families recruited to a large scale implementation study in routine practice. Data from 376 families indicated that there were few differences between the two samples and thus that the parent and family characteristics found in the RCT study were representative of help-seeking families with conduct disordered children in Norway. Perhaps an even better treatment result could be achieved by tailoring PMTO to better suit the characteristics of Norwegian parents and families. Mothers (regardless of marital status) seem to be especially vulnerable to care-giver strain and suggested interventions should take this into consideration. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.