Quantum field theory and composite fermions in the fractional quantum Hall effect

We derive a composite fermion model for the fractional quantum Hall effect from relativistic quantum electrodynamics. With simple arguments it is shown that a special Chern Simons transformation of the Dirac electrons in four spacetime dimensions leads in the low energy limit to a single particle Hamiltonian for composite fermions in three dimensions with correction terms such as Rashba- or Dresselhaus-spin-orbit coupling and zitterbewegung. Furthermore we provide a mechanism to quantum-mechanically project the quantum fields defined in the four dimensional Minkowski space to three dimensions. This leads to a relativistic field theory and especially a composite fermion field theory in three dimension. This projection map can be combined with the projection onto a Landau level or composite fermion Landau level respectively. This results in a quasi relativistic quantum field theory on a noncommutative plane. The phenomenological models resulting from this approach are discussed and allow a systematical exploration of the effects of the spin and the condensation in a Landau level. We expect from the relativistic approach corrections in terms of spin-orbit coupling effects. From the projection onto Landau levels we expect a modification of the dispersion relation and a modified composite fermion mass. Furthermore, the BRST quantization for Chern Simons theories with compact gauge group is reviewed and the phenomenological consequences within a composite fermion model with spin are discussed. The connection to Wess Zumino Witten theories is recalled and a possible link between the corresponding central charge of the related affine Lie algebra and the composite fermion filling factor is pointed out. (C) 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim