Jesus and the Demons: Portraits of the spiritual Seeing in Mark's Gospel. Origen, Bonaventure and Ignatius as hermeneutic reading key of the Gospel

In Mark's narrative, it is possible to identify three important verbs that signify visual perception: Horao, Blepo, and Theoreo with their respective nuances. In addition to their lexicographic definitions, they acquire a very unique semantic dimension depending on their subject, object, and narrative context. These syntactic and narrative determinations of the analysis applied to selected texts allow the reader to discover a meta-physical portrait of seeing in Jesus and the demons. This means that their seeing goes beyond the physical limits of the corporeal perception, being able to perceive the supernatural dimension immersed in the circumstantial events. This reading founds its hermeneutic ground in the notion of the soul' senses developed by Origen which found later on its development in the theological thoughts of Bonaventure, and its practical and spiritual application in Ignatius of Loyola's spiritual exercise. This hermeneutic key applied to the Markan pericopes through the narrative and semantic approach helps the reader to discover the spiritual dimension of the perception of Jesus and the demons, and their semantic implications in the kerygmatic narrative addressed to the community implied as the receptor of the markan message.