Decentralized Game-Theoretic Approach for D-EVSE based on Renewable Energy in Smart Cities

In this paper, we address a decentralized management system based on noncooperative Game Theory (GT) for Electric Vehicles' (EVs') interplay with a Decentralized Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (D-EVSE) located at the public supply station. Renewable energy production, such as photovoltaic energy (PV), is considered as the only power source for our D-EVSE. We propose a decentralized GT (D-GT) model aiming to optimize the EVs' interaction with the D-EVSE considering both EVs' satisfaction as well as the D-EVSEs' stability. Also, the D-GT model is used to choose the optimal available solution for EV charging or discharging processes that fulfill predefined constraints. Simulation results indicate that the proposed model can manage and control the interaction between EVs and D-EVSEs efficiently and effectively.