Review of the effects of consumption of linseed on liver and lipid profile

Introduction: Flaxseed is a functional food rich in fiber, omega-6 / omega-3, protein, minerals and vitamins, as well as phytoestrogens such as lignans. It has anti-inflammatory property and analgesic activity, and has important effects on immune responses due to its trace elements. Materials and Methods: This is a review that goals to understand the effects of flaxseed consumption on the lipid profile and liver. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 19 studies found in the Medline, SciELO and CINAHL databases were analyzed. Discussion: Alpha linolenic acid (ALA) present in flaxseed is associated with improved lipid profile. In addition to the liver, studies show the antioxidant activity of flaxseed in other organs. Flaxseed antiinflammatory activity appears to be linked to liver protection with preservation of architecture and suppression of liver enzyme increase, even under hostile conditions. Results and conclusion: The effect of flaxseed was analyzed on the following parameters: lipid profile, prevention of liver damage, morphological parameters and impact of flaxseed consumption in different pathologies. Flaxseed consumption improved the lipid profile, reduced oxidative stress and expression of inflammatory mediators in the liver, in addition to preserving the liver architecture and severity of changes already established by aggressions such as alcohol intake and high fat diets. In addition, ingestion of isolated flaxseed did not cause any liver alteration, answering the main question of this review.