Progress in chemical modification of chitin and chitosan

Chitosan, an amino polysaccharide obtained by deacetylation of chitin is the most abundant natural resources and widely distributed in the cuticle of the Crustacea. Recently chitin and chitosan have become of great interest not only as biopolymers, but also as a new functional materials of high potential in various fields ranging from a simple floccule for waste water treatment to medical materials such as for wound healing and prevention of infection. This review has a closer look at chemical modification of chitin and chitosan. Based on current research and existing products, some new and futuristic approaches in this fascinating area are thoroughly discussed.