A new regret insertion heuristic for solving large-scale dial-a-ride problems with time windows

In this paper we present a parallel regret insertion heuristic to solve a dial-a-ride problem with time windows. A new route initialization procedure is implemented, that keeps into account both the spatial and the temporal aspects of the problem, and a regret insertion is then performed to serve the remaining requests. The considered operating scenario is representative of a large-scale dial-a-ride program in Los Angeles County. The proposed algorithm was tested on data sets of 500 and 1000 requests built from data of paratransit service in this area. The computational results show the effectiveness of this approach in terms of trading-off solution quality and computational times. The latter measure being especially important in large-scale systems where numerous daily requests need to be processed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.