Finite element analysis of convective nanofluid equipped in enclosure having both inlet and outlet zones

The current investigation owns the mathematical and computational analysis of the forced and free convection in a square shape enclosure with inlet/outlet opening. The flow field is manifested with CuO nanoparticles along with the porous media assumption. The left boundary is uniformly heated while the right wall is taken cold. The force flow constraint is implemented on the openings ports and the remaining portions are kept adiabatic. To be more specific the mixed convection transportation in the regime persists because of thermal difference in-between the heated source and cold inflow of fluid. For possible insight, the physical model is translated in terms of the differential systems. To report solution the finite element method has been adopted. The quantities of interest include the flow and heat transportation individualities. The output of computational scheme towards various controlling parameters are offered by means of both the contour maps and line graphs. It is noticed that the flow patterns identify forced flow at low Grashof number while the higher porous permeability possess the natural convection transportation. Additionally, as the heated source length heightens thermal distributions inside the cavity becomes intensify. (C) 2020 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.