Improving efficiency of primary tillage in the dry areas of the Russian Federation

In the Russian Federation, large farmland areas are located in arid regions characterized by the sharply continental climate, strong winds, and insufficient rainfall. In such areas, the technology of basic nonmoldboard cultivation is widely used as a way of accumulating and preserving moisture in the soil. The specifics of this technology consists of continuous crumbling of the cultivated arable layer without soil overturning with the maximum preservation of stubbles and crop residues on the daylight surface of the field. In arid areas, subsurface tillage tools are widely used for continuous loosening of the arable layer: subsurface plows and moldboard plows with CibIME - LP-0,35 racks installed instead of housings. As a result of the conducted studies, the problem of improving the efficiency of the basic nonmoldboard cultivation in the fields in the arid agricultural regions has been solved through improving the operational and technological parameters of the plowing unit using noninversing plows PB-5, which are different from the known units with moldboard plows equipped with CibIME - LP-0,35 racks. The authors offer a plowing unit comprising a tractor of drawbar category 3 VT-100D and the new noninversing plow PB-5 for the technology of basic nonmoldboard cultivation in arid areas that ensures high productivity and reduction of energy consumption with equal performance quality, compared to serial plowing unit VT-100D+ PLN5-35+ LP-0,35.