Totally tubeless single access tract mini-percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in treatment of large burden > 2-cm and/or complex renal stones: a case series of 62 patients

Background Limited literature has focused on the use of totally tubeless mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for the treatment of large renal stones. We present our findings of treating patients with large and/or complex renal stones using single renal access totally tubeless mini-PCNL. Methods From March 2018 to May 2021, 62 consecutive cases in which single tract totally tubeless mini-PCNL was used to treat complex renal stones were enrolled, all with calculi > 2 cm. All procedure of puncture and dilation were guided by fluoroscope. The complexity of stones was assessed according to the Guy's Scoring System (GSS). The surgical duration, length of hospital stay, analgesia requirement, stone-free rate, and perioperative morbidity were assessed. Results The mean preoperative stone burden was 36.69 +/- 19.76 mm (above 2 cm in all cases), mean surgical duration was 61.93 +/- 40.84 min (range 15-180 min), and mean hematocrit reduction was 4.67 +/- 2.83%. Postoperative Nalbuphine was used in 6 patients. The mean length of stay was 2.46 +/- 1.19 days (range 2-8 days), and the postoperative stone-free rate was 83.9% (52/62), and 87.1% (54/62) after auxiliary ESWL. The overall complication rate was 14.5%, the majority of complications being postoperative transient fever. Conclusion For the treatment of large bursen > 2 cm and/or complex renal stones, totally tubeless single tract mini-PCNL ensures a feasible SFR, low morbidity and short hospital stay. According to the low complication rate in our study, the totally tubeless manner was not associated with an increased risk of postoperative morbidity, and patients benefited from decreased postoperative analgesics use.