Youth violence at school and the intersection of gender, race, and ethnicity

Purpose: Research has revealed that school-based activities are related to youth violence at school: however, the intersection of gender, race, and ethnicity in this relationship remains uncertain. Methods: This study utilizes data from the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002 and incorporates multilevel modeling techniques to examine the intersectionality of gender, race, and ethnicity in the relationship between school-based activities and youth victimization at school. Results: Racial and ethnic minority male involvement in school sports is linked to an increase in school-based victimization, while White American male involvement in school sports is associated with a decrease in school-based victimization. On the other hand, school sports appears to be an insulating factor against victimization for girls regardless of their race or ethnicity. Conclusions: This research underscores the importance of understanding the intersection of gender, race, and ethnicity when examining youth violence. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.