Neutralizing effects of an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody on tooth movement

Our recent studies demonstrated that local administration of recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor (rhVEGF) during experimental tooth movement enhanced the number of osteoclasts and the rate of tooth movement. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of anti-VEGF polyclonal antibody on osteoclastic differentiation, the amount of tooth movement, and the degree of tooth relapse in 30-day-old mice. First, these mice were subjected to various doses of anti-VEGF polyclonal antibody, with tooth movement for three days. In the next study, daily injections of 10-mu g antibody were administered for 18 days during the experimental tooth movement. The amount of tooth movement was measured as in our previous study. Furthermore, in the third study, we administered daily injection of 10-mu g antibody and measured tooth relapse after the experimental tooth movement for 45 days. The osteoclasts number in 10 and 50-mu g antibody two-time injection group was significantly smaller than that in the controls (P < .05). The number of osteoclasts was decreased more substantially by daily injection of 10-mu g antibody, showing more significant differences from the controls (P < .01). The amount of tooth movement was significantly less in the experimental group than in the controls on days 15 and 18 (P < .05). Furthermore, the amount of relapse in the experimental group was significantly less than that in the controls on days 9 and 11 after removal of the appliance (P < .05). These results show that the treatment of anti-VEGF polyclonal antibody markedly reduced the osteoclasts number and inhibited the amount of tooth movement and relapse of moved teeth.