Genotyping using single nucleotide polymorphism, fluorescence spectroscopy and pattern recognition

This paper describes a method for genetic screening using single nucleotide polymorphism. Fluorescence spectra with an excitation frequency of 488 nm are recorded over a range of 550 to 660 nm of fragments of human DNA together with two fluorescent probe dyes attached to specific primers, one for each type of allele and a background dye, prepared using the Taqman reaction. The fluorescence spectra are monitored and principal components analysis used to separate spectra into three groups, which are visually identified as allele 1 ( wild type), allele 2 ( mutant) and mixed allele by comparison to reference samples. Malahanobis distance using 4 principal components are used to correctly classify samples into groups.