Measurement of Surface Roughness of Copper Nickel Titanium Arch Wires at Dry and Wet Conditions: An In vitro Study

Introduction: The first phase of orthodontic therapy depend on flexible archwires, usually ''Nickel-titanium'' alloy to relate. The substantially load during movement of the tooth. Copper has been additional to nickel-titanium arch wires, subsequent made an alloy with potential clinical benefit. Also, the surface, characteristics, for instance roughness surface, hardness of orthodontic arch wires, and topography are essential determinants of the efficiency of archwire-guided movement of the tooth. They besides affect the potential of corrosion and the aesthetics components of orthodontic. Aims and objective: This in vitro study was planned to assess the roughness of Copper Nickel Titanium arch wires from altered brands in dry and wet condition (acidic and neutral artificial saliva). Materials and methods: Three types of CuNiTi orthodontic archwires from different brands were used: CuNiTi (Ormco brand), CuNiTi (IOS brand) and CuNiTi (Orthotechnology brand). They were rectangular (0.018 x 0.025 inch) in cross section and cut into pieces of 25 mm in distance. Thrity pieces from each company were divided into three groups; first one was left in dry condition and the other two groups ten pieces for each group were submerged in artificial saliva ((pH=6.75 +/- 0.015)) and ((pH=3.5 +/- 0.015)) at 37 degrees C for 2 months. The atomic force microscope was used to assess surface analysis of very samples. Then, the obtained data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test. Results: After immersion period, CuNiTi wires from orthotechnology brand exhibited the highest roughness among the study groups. On, the hand, the minimum roughness was CuNiTi wires from Ormco rand when compared to equivalent archwires. However, statistically non-significant different was noticed in surface roughness between groups of archwires from different company at dry condition. On the other hand, a highly significant different was noticed in surface roughness between groups of archwires from different company at wet condition. Conclusion: The copper nickel titanium archwires from Ormco brand were the greatest and the most suitable alignment orthodontic archwires in term of the minimum roughness firstly and over the sequence of period of this study.