Experimental Characterization and Analysis for Ultra Wideband Outdoor Channel

This paper reports on an experimental characterization of ultra wideband (UWB) outdoor channel over a frequency range of 3.1-5.3 GHz. Time domain measurements were conducted for line-of-sight scenarios. The acquired measurement data are characterized in terms of path-loss exponents, root mean square (RMS) delay spread, K-factor and channel capacity. Results show that the path-loss exponents range between 1.4 and 2.1 for the log-distance propagation model and the RMS delay spread was found to be between 1.2 and 3.4 ns. Different statistical distributions for the delay spread were also investigated. Results of the statistical analysis also show that the correlation between RMS delay spread and transmitter receiver separation distance is very low. The small-scale fading analysis indicated that UWB signals experience Rician fading, where the maximum value of K-factor is 11 dB.