Aneurysm of the Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery: Surgical and Hybrid Repair of Two Cases in a Single Center

The aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) aneurysm is rare; however, the risk of rupture and thromboembolism is high, with a postrupture mortality rate of 50%. In this report, we have described two cases of this anomaly. In the first case, a 62-year-old male patient presented with a symptomatic aneurysm of ARSA (maximum diameter of 4 cm) causing chest pain with dyspnea during moderate physical effort. Surgical treatment was performed with aneurysmal exclusion and direct anastomosis of the two heads of the subclavian artery. In the second case, a 72-year-old male patient presented with a symptomatic aneurysm (maximum diameter of 5.1 cm) of ARSA causing dysphagia and dysphonia. In this case, a one-stage hybrid treatment was performed: a bilateral carotid-subclavian bypass was associated with intentional occlusion of both subclavian arteries (by plug positioning) during thoracic endovascular stent-grafting procedures. In both cases, the peri/postoperative course was uneventful and the technical results in our series were excellent at long-term follow-up. Surgical treatment can be safely performed in patients with low operative risk or whenever endovascular technique is not suitable. The ARSA aneurysm, with appropriate anatomy, can be successfully treated by hybrid treatment (combined surgical and endovascular approach). We reckon that this minimally invasive technique helps avoid thoracotomy and could be the treatment of choice in high-risk patients.