Physical-based spatio-temporal resolution enhancement of scalar data for fluid visualization

We present a method that improves the spatio-temporal resolution of original data with fluid scalar data. The basis of the method, velocity estimation, is constructed to be inverse and optimized problem. We reduce the calculation cost through convex optimization and make the velocity field more accurate by coupling with Navier-Stokes equations. The spatial resolution receives significant enhancement by applying advection on original data with higher-resolution velocity field data generated by our method. The temporal resolution is improved by generating intermediate velocity fields through the solution of Navier-Stokes equations. In this paper, we demonstrate that the accuracy of our velocity estimation method is clearly better than that of optical flow methods and the enhanced data show an attractive performance in fluid visualization. Copyright (C) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.