The dinoflagellate Alexandrium affine acutely induces significant modulations on innate immunity, hepatic function, and antioxidant defense system in the gill and liver tissues of red seabream

被引：8

作者：

Haque, Md Niamul ^{[1
,2
]}

Nam, Sang-Eun ^{[1
]}

Shin, Yun Kyung ^{[3
]}

Rhee, Jae-Sung ^{[1
,2
,4
]}

机构：

[1] Incheon Natl Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Marine Sci, Incheon 22012, South Korea

[2] Incheon Natl Univ, Res Inst Basic Sci, Incheon 22012, South Korea

[3] Natl Inst Fisheries Sci, South Sea Fisheries Res Inst, Aquaculture Ind Res Div, Jeonnam 59780, South Korea

[4] Yellow Sea Res Inst, Incheon 21999, South Korea

来源：

AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY | 2021年 / 240卷

关键词：

Pagrus major; Alexandrium affine; Harmful algal bloom; Fish immunity; Oxidative stress; CHATTONELLA-MARINA RAPHIDOPHYCEAE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; GENUS ALEXANDRIUM; DRASTIC CHANGES; FISH; BLOOMS; ICHTHYOTOXICITY; TOXICITY; DAMAGE; DINOPHYCEAE;

D O I：

10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105985

中图分类号：

Q17 [水生生物学];

学科分类号：

071004 ;

摘要：

Alexandrium affine is a global harmful algal bloom (HAB)-forming dinoflagellate. In this study, the effect of nontoxin-producing A. affine on the gill and liver tissues of red seabream, Pagrus major, was analyzed over 24 h exposure and 2 h depuration phases. After exposure to three concentrations of A. affine (4,000, 6,000, and 7,000 cells mL-1), survival rates, respiration rates, immunities (lysozyme, total Ig), hepatic biomarkers (alanine aminotransferase, ALT; aspartate aminotransferase, AST; and alkaline phosphatase, ALP), lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA), and antioxidant defense systems (glutathione, GSH; catalase, CAT; superoxide dismutase, SOD; glutathione peroxidases, GPx; and glutathione reductase, GR) were analyzed in gill and liver tissues. Dose-dependent decreases in survival and respiration rates were detected in red seabream. A. affine levels of to 6,000 and 7,000 cells mL-1 induced immunosuppression and hepatic impairment in both tissues, as measured by significant decreases in lysozyme activity, total Ig level, ALT, AST, and ALP content. The levels of GSH, CAT, SOD, GPx, and GR were significantly decreased in the gills and liver in response to 7,000 cells mL-1 of A. affine at 24 h, and MDA was elevated. However, different response patterns were observed between tissues in response to 4,000 cells mL-1. Activity of antioxidant defense enzymes was significantly elevated in the liver but decreased in the gills. This suggests that the gills were more vulnerable than the liver. In the case of 6,000 and 7,000 cells mL-1 treatments, higher susceptibility was also detected at 3 h in the gill compared to the overall responses of each parameter measured in liver. Taken together, direct attachment of A. affine to the gill tissue strongly affects immunity and antioxidant capacity of red seabream even after a short exposure period. These results could be helpful for understanding HAB-mediated effects in marine fish.

引用

页数：13