Effects of phytoplasma [stolbur-subgroup (Bois noir-BN)] on photosynthetic pigments, saccharides, ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, nitrate and nitrite reductases, and photosynthetic activities in field-grown grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chardonnay) leaves

in leaves of field-grown grapevine, the contents of chlorophyll, carotenoids, and soluble proteins and the activities of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPC) and nitrate (NR) and nitrite (NiR) reductases were decreased in phytoplasma-infected leaves, but the contents of soluble sugars and total saccharides were markedly increased. In isolated thylakoids, phytoplasma caused marked inhibition of whole chain and photosystem 2 (PS2) activities. The artificial exogenous electron donor, diphenyl carbazide, significantly restored the loss of PS2 activity in infected leaves.