High rue risk unit is the key department of fire supervision and management, and fire safety assessment of them is adapted to government function changeover. This is an important and new act of societal fire management, and redounds to socialization process of fire work In this paper it was identified on the scope and object of high fire risk unit, and the main assessment content was classified. Furthermore, the assessment methods of high fire unit were described and the advantage and shortcoming was introduced. Finally, the meaning and action of fire safety assessment for high fire unit was discussed, and some advice was proposed. It may facilitate the fire safety assessment and fire supervision and management for high fire unit.