Recent Progress in Bio-Integrated Intelligent Sensing System

It is incontrovertible that the bioelectronic enabled bio-integrated system is one of the most promising technologies in the upcoming decades. Driven by the great versatility of the emerging artificial intelligence, machine-learning-supported bio-integrated intelligent sensing system (BISS) is capable of achieving data processing and intelligent recognition while conducting multimodal human-centered sensing; such facilitated systems capitalize the benefits of both bioelectronics and supporting algorithm, enabling accurate physiological/somatosensory recognition at the cost of certain computing resources. Herein, an overview of recent progress in BISS is presented, with an emphasis on high-tech applications enabled by innovations in combining flexible bioelectronic sensors with supporting algorithmic systems. The main applications can be divided into three categories, including implantable, skin-mounted, and wearable BISS, which have different requirements for materials, fabrication methods, and algorithms, respectively. Advances in these areas open new avenues for employing BISS as future human-machine interfaces for personalized healthcare, human enhancement, as well as other broad applications.