Achieving higher dynamic discharge energy and power density in PLZST antiferroelectrics with lower quasi-static recoverable energy density via tuning the phase transition properties

The energy density of dielectrics could be evaluated both via low-frequency P-E loop (quasi-static recoverable energy density, W-re) and fast discharge current (dynamic discharge energy density, W-dis). The value of W-dis represents the useful energy, which can be converted to electrical energy while most work about high-energy-density dielectrics is focused on enhancing W-re. In this work, we investigated the relationship between W-dis and W-re in (Pb1-3x/2Lax)[(Zr0.45Sn0.55)(0.99)Ti-0.01]O-3 antiferroelectrics. Tuning the phase transition properties could improve the fast discharge capability by reducing the difference between W-dis and W-re and accelerating the energy release rate. At 300kV/cm, the composition with x=0 has the highest W-re of 6.7J/cm(3) but a lower W-dis of only 4J/cm(3) and longer discharge time duration, indicating a "high-energy-density" (highest W-re) quasi-static performance but "low-energy-density" (lower W-dis) and slow discharge performance during fast discharge. A highest W-dis of 5.9J/cm(3) and power density were achieved in composition with x=0.2 though with lower W-re. The various fast energy release performance was explained by their different domain mobility and phase switching behavior. Thus, purely pursing high W-re is with limitation and suppressing the difference between W-dis and W-re is with great significance. This work will give an approach for the development of energy storage dielectrics by connecting their fast discharge performance with polarization mechanism.