Transgenesis and Genome Editing of Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cells by Lentivirus Pseudotyped with Sendai Virus F Protein

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) serve as a resource for producing genetically modified animals. However, genetic manipulation of SSCs has met with limited success. Here, we show efficient gene transfer into SSCs via a lentivirus (FV-LV) using a fusion protein (F), a Sendai virus (SV) envelope protein involved in virion/cell membrane fusion. FV-LVs transduced cultured SSCs more efficiently than conventional LVs. Although SSCs infected with SV failed to produce offspring, those transduced with FV-LVs were fertile. In vivo microinjection showed that FV-LVs could penetrate not only the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules but also the blood-testis barrier, which resulted in successful transduction of both spermatogenic cells and testicular somatic cells. Cultured SSCs transfected with FV-LVs that express drug-inducible CRISPR/Cas9 against Kit or Sycp3 showed impaired spermatogenesis upon transplantation and drug treatment in vivo. Thus, FV-LVs provide an efficient method for functional analysis of genes involved in SSCs and spermatogenesis.