Effects of continuous high-volume hemofiltration on experimental severe acute pancreatitis in pigs

Objective: To compare the effects of different doses of hemofiltration on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in pigs. Methods: The animal model of SAP was produced by intraductal injection of sodium taurocholate and trypsin. Animals in group I served as SAP control. Animals in group 2 received (20 mL/kg per hour) continuous low-volume hemofiltration (LVHF), and animals in group 3 received (100 mL/kg per hour) continuous high-volume hemofiltration (HVHF) immediately after the induction of SAP. After the instrumentation of the animals by arterial and Swan-Ganz catheters, hemodynamic indexes were monitored intermittently at different times. The rectal temperature and the concentration of amylase and cytokines in serum were measured at the same time. Results: The survival time of HVHF group was significantly prolonged (P < 0.01). The initial elevation of body temperature and the hypothermia in the late course of experiments were significantly ameliorated by HVHF (P < 0.01). Six hours after the induction of pancreatitis, the urine output of animals in HVHF group was obviously higher than that in control group (P < 0.05), which stayed behind 36 hours later (P < 0.05). The major hemodynamic finding was that pancreatitis-induced hypotension was significantly attenuated by HVHF (P < 0.01). The development of hyperdynamic circulatory failure was simultaneously attenuated, as reflected by a limited increase in CI, an attenuated decrease in systemic vascular resistance index. Plasma amylases in the HVHF group were significantly lower than those in control and LVHF groups (P < 0.01). The serum concentrations of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL) 6, and fL-10 all decreased significantly in treatment groups (P < 0.01), and those of H-VHF group were less significant than the HVHF group (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The HVHF was associated with a better hemodynamic profile, a less hyperkinetic state, and more prolonged survival than that of LVHF, which may result from the HVHF that can remove the inflammatory cytokines more efficiently.