Universal Real-Time Model for Active Rectifiers in Versatile Totem-Pole PFC Configurations

On-board chargers in electric vehicles often include a totem-pole PFC, as this compact active rectifier provides bidirectional energy flow and can be easily adapted to single-phase or three-phase grid operation. To test its control unit in terms of HIL simulations, a real-time capable model of the topology is required. This paper deals with the modeling and realization of a universal real-time model for versatile totem-pole configurations in single-phase or three-phase grid operation. The proposed model uses the ideal switch representation. An extended approach to detect switch-state changes caused by Dirac impulses is introduced. Additional focus is placed on the implementation of the final model on an FPGA. Simulation results prove the validity of the proposed model.