Management of Heterogeneous Waste Treatment Processes

Industrial production is accompanied by the formation of secondary materials many of which do not find practical application and become wastes. Nowadays, along with the constant formation of new waste, there are a lot of spent accumulators, the content of which is open heterogeneous system. Heterogeneous systems include sediment, slags, ashes, and sludge. The dispersed components of these systems are considered to be technogenic raw materials. Isolated from waste or transformed they may be used as individual components. Potentially, each of the heterogeneous wastes may be constituent part of a product with useful properties: fertilizers, building materials, sorbents. They can also be part of the target product of the main production process. At the same time, the genesis of the main volume of heterogeneous wastes implies the possibility of using them as soil-like reclamation materials for restoring disturbed geomedia. To ensure the possibility of using waste, it is necessary to process it with a combination of methods: conditioning, dehydration, mineralization, and hardening. Despite the availability of technologies and equipment for processing heterogeneous wastes into products, the solution to the problem is hampered by the lack of an integrated system mechanism for assessing the properties and managing transformation into a product. The paper discusses approaches to the creation concerning control systems that establish causal relationships between the states of heterogeneous wastes at selected stages of the life cycle, stages of conversion and phase transitions during sequential and parallel processing. The construction of process control systems for the processing of technogenic raw materials also makes it possible to predict the properties of the products obtained.