Soliton microdynamics of structural phase transitions in crystalline materials and phonons of a new type on phase interfaces

It is shown that the generation of nonlinear soliton, breather, and shock waves at high dynamic excitations leads to martensitic phase transformations in crystalline materials of the alpha-uranium type. Investigations have been performed by modeling the atomic microdynamics with the use of the modified interaction potential. It is shown that collisions of compression shock waves and rarefaction solitons lead to the generation of nuclei of new phases, which evolve according to the domino principle. The phonon spectra of systems with phase interfaces are investigated. A new effect of the total internal phonon reflection has been discovered. It is shown that surface phonons of radically a new type (different from the Rayleigh surface waves) are excited on interfaces. The results are adapted to materials of the alpha-uranium type, where solitons have been found at slow-neutron scattering.