Growth and nutrient uptake of Myriophyllum spicatum under different nutrient conditions and its potential ecosystem services in an enclosed sea area in the East China Sea

We investigated the growth and nutrient uptake of Myriophyllum spicatum under different nutrient conditions and evaluated its implications for ecosystem services in an enclosed area of Jinshan. The specific growth rate ranged from 1.29%-4.37%/day, and the dissolved inorganic carbon and nitrogen, and phosphorus uptake rates were 1.30-1.62, 0.040-0.453, and 0.003-0.027 mg/(g.day), respectively, under different nutrient conditions. The O-2-production and carbon-sequestration efficiencies in the field were 154.30 and 1.25 mg/(g DW.h), respectively. The average removal efficiencies of NH4+-N, NO3--N, NO2--N, and PO43--P were 43.05%, 97.03%, 64.26%, and 59.24%, respectively, in M. spicatum-cultivated areas compared with in the open sea. Harvesting of M. spicatum removed 12,936.87, 1289.97 and 114.81 kg of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, respectively, from seawater in Jinshan in Nov, 2018. In conclusion, M. spicatum is a good candidate for integrated macrophyte/animal multi-trophic aquaculture in terms of nutrient extraction and economic diversification in low-salinity environments.