Design and analysis of controlled reception pattern antenna arrays

This paper describes the design and analysis of controlled reception pattern antenna (CRPA) arrays. The algorithm of the CRPA system minimizes the array output power with a constraint that the power of the look direction maintains a constant or unity. The proposed approaches use different permittivities and sizes between one reference and auxiliary elements of the CRPA arrays. Due to the low permittivity and large size of one reference element, the CRPA arrays not only have much better sensitivity of a user's GPS receiver but also maintain the performance of the null depth of the CRPA system.