Is the learning age somewhere over the rainbow? A framework for analysis of Continuing Vocational Education policy

The world of Continuing Vocational Education is caught up in the midst of the ongoing search for a vision of lifelong learning. This article presents a framework for analysis of this policy formulation process, based on policy and practice throughout the 1990s. Two models are used: a 'rainbow' of issues in learning and work and three paradigms of educational institutions, which are used to illustrate a synthesis of market forces and social justice that can support lifelong learning. These models are combined with examples from proposed policy to argue for a move beyond unhelpful dualities of the academic and the vocational to a focus on the empowered learner.