Correlated two-photon modulation based on nonlinear effects in a photonic synthetic lattice

In addition to the reduction in the experimental complexity, generating correlated photonic pairs using nonlinear interactions in a synthetic lattice also benefits the high tunability of all relevant parameters. Here we found that the two-photon correlation can be modulated by using a synthetic lattice composed of the orbital angular momentum of light with a nonlinear Kerr interaction on a single site. By calculating the S matrix for single-photon and two-photon scattering, we analyze the transmission and correlation properties of the outgoing photons. The presence of finite bandwidth enables the complete transfer of a single incident photon into the synthetic lattice inside the cavity. For two incident photons, the nonlinear Kerr interaction can lead to various correlated photonic pairs. The spectrum of the correlated outgoing fields can be controlled by changing the total energy of the incident photons or altering the interaction parameters. In addition, the presence of completely transferring the single incident photon provides an ideal starting point for detecting the correlated properties between the outgoing photons even for very weak interactions. The findings of the present study provide a new perspective for engineering the correlation properties of outgoing photons in synthetic systems.