classification;
gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM);
iterative region growing using semantics (IRGS);
RADARSAT-2;
lake ice;
random forest (RF);
support vector machine (SVM);
SAR;
COVER;
D O I:
10.3390/rs12091425
中图分类号:
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号:
08 ;
0830 ;
摘要:
Changes to ice cover on lakes throughout the northern landscape has been established as an indicator of climate change and variability, expected to have implications for both human and environmental systems. Monitoring lake ice cover is also required to enable more reliable weather forecasting across lake-rich northern latitudes. Currently, the Canadian Ice Service (CIS) monitors lakes using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical imagery through visual interpretation, with total lake ice cover reported weekly as a fraction out of ten. An automated method of classification would allow for more detailed records to be delivered operationally. In this research, we present an automatic ice-mapping approach which integrates unsupervised segmentation from the Iterative Region Growing using Semantics (IRGS) algorithm with supervised random forest (RF) labeling. IRGS first locally segments homogeneous regions in an image, then merges similar regions into classes across the entire scene. Recently, these output regions were manually labeled by the user to generate ice maps, or were labeled using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. Here, three labeling methods (Manual, SVM, and RF) are applied after IRGS segmentation to perform ice-water classification on 36 RADARSAT-2 scenes of Great Bear Lake (Canada). SVM and RF classifiers are also tested without integration with IRGS. An accuracy assessment has been performed on the results, comparing outcomes with author-generated reference data, as well as the reported ice fraction from CIS. The IRGS-RF average classification accuracy for this dataset is 95.8%, demonstrating the potential of this automated method to provide detailed and reliable lake ice cover information operationally.
机构:
NIERSC, Nansen Ctr, 14th Line 7,Off 49, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
AARI, Bering Str 38, St Petersburg 199397, RussiaNIERSC, Nansen Ctr, 14th Line 7,Off 49, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
Zakhvatkina, Natalia
Korosov, Anton
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h-index: 0
机构:
NERSC, Thormohlensgate 47, N-5006 Bergen, NorwayNIERSC, Nansen Ctr, 14th Line 7,Off 49, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
Korosov, Anton
Muckenhuber, Stefan
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机构:
NERSC, Thormohlensgate 47, N-5006 Bergen, NorwayNIERSC, Nansen Ctr, 14th Line 7,Off 49, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
Muckenhuber, Stefan
Sandven, Stein
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机构:
NERSC, Thormohlensgate 47, N-5006 Bergen, NorwayNIERSC, Nansen Ctr, 14th Line 7,Off 49, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
Sandven, Stein
Babiker, Mohamed
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机构:
NERSC, Thormohlensgate 47, N-5006 Bergen, NorwayNIERSC, Nansen Ctr, 14th Line 7,Off 49, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
机构:
German Aerosp Ctr, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr, D-82234 Wessling Oberpfaffenhofe, GermanyGerman Aerosp Ctr, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr, D-82234 Wessling Oberpfaffenhofe, Germany
Taubenboeck, H.
Felbier, A.
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German Aerosp Ctr, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr, D-82234 Wessling Oberpfaffenhofe, GermanyGerman Aerosp Ctr, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr, D-82234 Wessling Oberpfaffenhofe, Germany
Felbier, A.
Esch, T.
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German Aerosp Ctr, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr, D-82234 Wessling Oberpfaffenhofe, GermanyGerman Aerosp Ctr, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr, D-82234 Wessling Oberpfaffenhofe, Germany
Esch, T.
Roth, A.
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German Aerosp Ctr, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr, D-82234 Wessling Oberpfaffenhofe, GermanyGerman Aerosp Ctr, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr, D-82234 Wessling Oberpfaffenhofe, Germany
Roth, A.
Dech, S.
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German Aerosp Ctr, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr, D-82234 Wessling Oberpfaffenhofe, GermanyGerman Aerosp Ctr, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr, D-82234 Wessling Oberpfaffenhofe, Germany
机构:
Shandong Jianzhu Univ, Sch Surveying & Geoinformat, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China
Shandong Prov Educ Dept, Key Lab Digital Simulat Spatial Design Architectu, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Jianzhu Univ, Sch Surveying & Geoinformat, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China
Xing, Huaqiao
Chen, Bingyao
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机构:
Shandong Jianzhu Univ, Sch Surveying & Geoinformat, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China
Shandong Prov Educ Dept, Key Lab Digital Simulat Spatial Design Architectu, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Jianzhu Univ, Sch Surveying & Geoinformat, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China
Chen, Bingyao
Feng, Yongyu
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h-index: 0
机构:
Shandong Geog Inst Land Spatial Data & Remote Sen, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Jianzhu Univ, Sch Surveying & Geoinformat, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China
Feng, Yongyu
Ni, Yuanlong
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h-index: 0
机构:
Shandong Geog Inst Land Spatial Data & Remote Sen, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Jianzhu Univ, Sch Surveying & Geoinformat, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China
Ni, Yuanlong
Hou, Dongyang
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h-index: 0
机构:
Cent South Univ, Sch Geosci & Infophys, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R ChinaShandong Jianzhu Univ, Sch Surveying & Geoinformat, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China
Hou, Dongyang
Wang, Xue
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h-index: 0
机构:
Shandong Geog Inst Land Spatial Data & Remote Sen, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Jianzhu Univ, Sch Surveying & Geoinformat, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China
Wang, Xue
Kong, Yawei
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h-index: 0
机构:
Shandong Prov Educ Dept, Key Lab Digital Simulat Spatial Design Architectu, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Jianzhu Univ, Sch Surveying & Geoinformat, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China
机构:
Inst Soil Sci, Dept Soil Mapping & Environm Informat, Herman Otto Ut 15, H-1022 Budapest, HungaryInst Soil Sci, Dept Soil Mapping & Environm Informat, Herman Otto Ut 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
Gedeon, Csongor, I
Arvai, Matyas
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机构:
Inst Soil Sci, Dept Soil Mapping & Environm Informat, Herman Otto Ut 15, H-1022 Budapest, HungaryInst Soil Sci, Dept Soil Mapping & Environm Informat, Herman Otto Ut 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
Arvai, Matyas
Szatmari, Gabor
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h-index: 0
机构:
Inst Soil Sci, Dept Soil Mapping & Environm Informat, Herman Otto Ut 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
Univ Debrecen, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Phys Geog & Geoinformat, Egyet Ter 1, H-4032 Debrecen, HungaryInst Soil Sci, Dept Soil Mapping & Environm Informat, Herman Otto Ut 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
Szatmari, Gabor
Brevik, Eric C.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Southern Illinois Univ, Coll Agr Life & Phys Sci, Carbondale, IL 62901 USAInst Soil Sci, Dept Soil Mapping & Environm Informat, Herman Otto Ut 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
Brevik, Eric C.
Takats, Tunde
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机构:
Inst Soil Sci, Dept Soil Mapping & Environm Informat, Herman Otto Ut 15, H-1022 Budapest, HungaryInst Soil Sci, Dept Soil Mapping & Environm Informat, Herman Otto Ut 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
Takats, Tunde
Kovacs, Zsofia A.
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机构:
Inst Soil Sci, Dept Soil Mapping & Environm Informat, Herman Otto Ut 15, H-1022 Budapest, HungaryInst Soil Sci, Dept Soil Mapping & Environm Informat, Herman Otto Ut 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
Kovacs, Zsofia A.
Meszaros, Janos
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h-index: 0
机构:
Inst Soil Sci, Dept Soil Mapping & Environm Informat, Herman Otto Ut 15, H-1022 Budapest, HungaryInst Soil Sci, Dept Soil Mapping & Environm Informat, Herman Otto Ut 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary