An expansion term in Hamilton's equations

被引:0
|
作者
Roberts, MD [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cape Town, Dept Math & Appl Math, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa
来源
EUROPHYSICS LETTERS | 1999年 / 45卷 / 01期
关键词
D O I
10.1209/epl/i1999-00126-5
中图分类号
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号
0702 ;
摘要
For any given spacetime the choice of time coordinate Is undetermined. A particular choice is the absolute time associated with a preferred vector held. Using the absolute time Hamilton's equations are -delta H-c/delta q = (pi)over dot + Theta pi + delta H-c/delta pi = (q)over dot, where Theta = V.(a)(ia) is the expansion of the vector field. Thus there is a hitherto unnoticed term in the expansion of the preferred vector field. Hamilton's equations can be used to describe fluid motion. In this case the absolute time is the time associated with the fluid's co-moving vector. As measured by this absolute time the expansion term is present. Similarly in cosmology, each observer has a,co-moving vector and Hamilton's equations again have an expansion term. IL is necessary to include the expansion term to quantize systems such as the above by the canonical method of replacing Dirac brackets by commutators. Hamilton's equations in this form do not have a corresponding sympletic form. Replacing the expansion by a particle number N = exp[- integral Theta d tau] and introducing the particle numbers conjugate momentum pi(N) the standard sympletic form can be recovered with two extra fields N and pi(N). Briefly the possibility of a non-standard sympletic form and the further possibility of there being a non-zero Finsler curvature corresponding to this are looked at.
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页码:26 / 31
页数:6
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