The State of Play of Copper, Mineral Oil, External Nutrient Input, Anthelmintics, Antibiotics and Vitamin Usage and Available Reduction Strategies in Organic Farming across Europe

被引：8

作者：

Varga, Korinna ^{[1
]}

Feher, Judit ^{[1
]}

Trugly, Bence ^{[1
]}

Drexler, Dora ^{[1
]}

Leiber, Florian ^{[2
]}

Verrastro, Vincenzo ^{[3
]}

Magid, Jakob ^{[4
]}

Chylinski, Caroline ^{[5
]}

Athanasiadou, Spiridoula ^{[5
]}

Thuerig, Barbara ^{[2
]}

Laszlo, Anna ^{[6
]}

Ladanyi, Marta ^{[6
]}

Moeskops, Bram ^{[7
]}

Herforth-Rahme, Joelle ^{[2
]}

Tamm, Lucius ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Hungarian Res Inst Organ Agr OMKi, H-1033 Budapest, Hungary

[2] Res Inst Organ Agr FiBL, Dept Livestock Sci, CH-5070 Frick, Switzerland

[3] Mediterranean Agron Inst Bari CIHEAM Bari, I-70010 Valenzano, Italy

[4] Univ Copenhagen KU, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark

[5] Scotlands Rural Coll SRUC, Dept Anim & Vet Sci, Roslin Inst Bldg, Easter Bush EH25 9RG, Scotland

[6] Hungarian Univ Agr & Life Sci MATE, Inst Math & Basic Sci, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary

[7] Int Federat Organ Agr Movements IFOAM Organ Europ, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium

来源：

SUSTAINABILITY | 2022年 / 14卷 / 06期

关键词：

organic farming; contentious inputs; copper; mineral oils; soil nutrient management; anthelmintics; antibiotics; vitamins; reduction strategies; agricultural policy; BIOLOGICALLY FIXED NITROGEN; SOYBEAN CAKE; MANAGEMENT; FIXATION; LEGUMES; GROWTH; DIETS;

D O I：

10.3390/su14063182

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Although input use in organic agriculture is strictly regulated, and significantly less contentious inputs are applied in organic than in conventional farming systems, copper, mineral oil, external nutrient input, anthelmintics, antibiotics and vitamins are still commonly used among organic farmers in the EU, partly due to the scarce availability of alternative products and the difficulty of implementing preventive strategies. Moreover, besides the direction set by the European Commission's organic regulation, only a handful of policy instruments exist at national levels to reduce the use of these contentious inputs. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the results of the RELACS EU-funded project about the current use of copper, mineral oils, external nutrient inputs, anthelmintics, antibiotics and vitamins in organic farming in the EU. The paper is based on six internal reports developed in RELACS which relied on international surveys, in-depth interviews, multiple case study methods, database-based calculations, secondary data sources, plus a survey independent from the reports to map existing policy instruments and voluntary initiatives in the EU aiming to reduce the use of the six input categories. As a result, the paper gives a comprehensive overview of the current consumption of the six contentious inputs within the organic sector, highlighting potential alternative strategies in the pipeline, available preventive measures and the willingness of farmers towards adopting these solutions. It also informs about specific policy instruments already in force, as well as about ongoing voluntary initiatives to reduce contentious inputs. Due to the current dependence of organic farming systems on the six categories of contentious inputs, any sudden phase-out or ban on their usage would do more harm than good to the organic sector. Therefore, gradual, data-driven reduction measures are needed, which require significant further investments in targeted research, and in policy support measures, with the active involvement of agricultural stakeholders.

引用

页数：36