Volcano deformation monitoring using GPS

Volcanic eruptions are often very destructive events, having a massive impact on the natural and human environment. In order to mitigate the effect of volcanic hazards such as pyroclastic flows, lahars and tsunamis it is necessary to closely monitor volcanoes. Ground surface deformation is recognised as a reliable indicator of an impending eruption and can give clues to magmatic processes at depth. This paper gives a brief overview of the techniques employed for volcano deformation monitoring and then reviews advances in the use of GPS for this purpose. Recommendations on the ideal GPS system infrastructure are made.