Superior Mesenteric Vein-First Approach for Robotic Salvage Surgery with Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography

Introduction Inadequate lymphadenectomy is still a major concern in colon cancer surgery. The superior mesenteric vein (SMV)-first approach is a novel, standardized, reproducible method for robotic complete mesocolic excision surgery. Objective Our aim was to present the application of the SMV-first approach principles to facilitate robotic salvage surgery for recurrent disease within the mesocolon. Methods A 78-year-old female presented with a malignant lymph node deposit within residual right mesocolonic tissue, approximately 3 months following a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer. Dissection was initiated with a transverse curvilinear incision along the inferior aspect of the remaining ileocolic pedicle to identify the SMV. Dissection continued along the ventral aspect of the SMV in a cephalad direction to identify and expose the middle colic vessels at their origin. The use of idocyanine green (ICG) confirmed the vascular anatomy, demonstrating the right branch of the middle colic artery traversing the malignant deposit in the residual mesocolon. Following ligation at the origin of the right branch of the middle colic and ileocolic vessels, the retro-mesocolic plane dissection was completed to excise the malignant deposit and the residual mesocolon. Results The patient was discharged home the following day. The pathological specimen confirmed metastatic poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in one of nine lymph nodes, and the vascular pedicle resection margin was negative for tumor. Conclusion Following the SMV-first approach principles provides a safe plane for dissection, and, in conjunction with ICG, facilitates the delineation of the vascular anatomy, to enable robotic salvage surgery to be performed.1-3