Risk Factors for Campylobacter Colonization in Broiler Flocks in Japan

The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of and to identify the risk factors for Campylobacter colonization in broiler flocks in Japan. Camplylobacter colonization status in flock was evaluated by culturing pooled caecal excrement from 124 broiler flocks. Potential exposure to risk factors was evaluated with a questionnaire for the broiler producers. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using a multivariable logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of Campylobacter-positive flocks was 43.5% (upper and lower limits of 95% confidence interval (CI(95%)): 34.8, 52.3). Multivariable logistic regression model identified two variables as risk factors for Campylobacter colonization. The ORs of Campylobacter colonization were higher in flocks in western Japan (OR = 2.68; CI95%: 1.04, 6.91) than in eastern Japan, and in flocks supplied with undisinfected drinking water (OR = 7.41; CI(95%): 3.11, 17.66) than in those supplied with disinfected drinking water. These findings indicate that water may play an important role in Campylobacter colonization in broiler flocks in Japan and the use of disinfected water may reduce the risk of Campylobacter colonization.