The VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS) The complexity of galaxy populations at 0.4 < z < 1.3 revealed with unsupervised machine-learning algorithms

被引：38

作者：

Siudek, M. ^{[1
,2
]}

Malek, K. ^{[2
]}

Pollo, A. ^{[2
,3
]}

Krakowski, T. ^{[2
]}

Iovino, A. ^{[4
,5
]}

Scodeggio, M. ^{[6
]}

Moutard, T. ^{[7
,8
]}

Zamorani, G. ^{[9
]}

Guzzo, L. ^{[4
,5
,10
]}

Garilli, B. ^{[6
]}

Granett, B. R. ^{[4
,10
]}

Bolzonella, M. ^{[9
]}

de la Torre, S. ^{[8
]}

Abbas, U. ^{[11
]}

Adami, C. ^{[8
]}

Bottini, D. ^{[6
]}

Cappi, A. ^{[9
,12
]}

Cucciati, O. ^{[9
]}

Davidzon, I. ^{[8
,9
]}

Franzetti, P. ^{[6
]}

Fritz, A. ^{[6
]}

Krywult, J. ^{[14
]}

Le Brun, V. ^{[8
]}

Le Fevre, O. ^{[8
]}

Maccagni, D. ^{[6
]}

Marulli, F. ^{[9
,13
,15
]}

Polletta, M. ^{[6
,16
,17
]}

Tasca, L. A. M. ^{[8
]}

Tojeiro, R. ^{[18
]}

Vergani, D. ^{[9
]}

Zanichelli, A. ^{[19
]}

Arnouts, S. ^{[8
,20
]}

Bel, J. ^{[21
]}

Branchini, E. ^{[22
,23
,24
]}

Coupon, J. ^{[25
]}

De Lucia, G. ^{[26
]}

Ilbert, O. ^{[8
]}

Haines, C. P. ^{[4
,5
]}

Moscardini, L. ^{[9
,13
,15
]}

Takeuchi, T. T. ^{[27
]}

机构：

[1] Ctr Theoret Phys, Al Lotnikow 32-46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland

[2] Natl Ctr Nucl Res, Ul Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland

[3] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, Orla 171, PL-30001 Krakow, Poland

[4] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, Via Brera 28, I-20122 Milan, Italy

[5] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, Via E Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate, Italy

[6] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, Via Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy

[7] St Marys Univ, Dept Astron & Phys, 923 Robie St, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada

[8] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, Lab Astrophy Marseille, Marseille, France

[9] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis & Sci Spazio Bologna, Via Gobetti 93-3, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

[10] Univ Milan, Via G Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy

[11] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy

[12] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Lab Lagrange, UMR7293, CNRS,Observ Cote Azur, F-06300 Nice, France

[13] Univ Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Via Gobetti 93-2, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

[14] Jan Kochanowski Univ, Inst Phys, Ul Swietokrzyska 15, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland

[15] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6-2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy

[16] Univ Toulouse, IRAP, UPS, CNRS, Toulouse, France

[17] IRAP, 9 Av Colonel Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France

[18] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland

[19] INAF Ist Radioastron, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

[20] Canada France Hawaii Telescope, 65-1238 Mamalahoa Highway, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA

[21] Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Toulon CNRS, CPT, Marseille, France

[22] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Via Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Rome, Italy

[23] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tre, Via Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Rome, Italy

[24] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, RM, Italy

[25] Univ Geneva, Dept Astron, Ch Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Chavannes Des Bois, Switzerland

[26] INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, Via GB Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy

[27] Nagoya Univ, Div Particle & Astrophys Sci, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan

来源：

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | 2018年 / 617卷

基金：

欧洲研究理事会;

关键词：

galaxies: evolution; galaxies: star formation; galaxies: stellar content; COLOR-MAGNITUDE DIAGRAM; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; VLT DEEP SURVEY; STELLAR MASS; RED SEQUENCE; SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION; MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; FIELD GALAXIES; DATA RELEASE;

D O I：

10.1051/0004-6361/201832784

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Aims. Various galaxy classification schemes have been developed so far to constrain the main physical processes regulating evolution of different galaxy types. In the era of a deluge of astrophysical information and recent progress in machine learning, a new approach to galaxy classification has become imperative. Methods. In this paper, we employ a Fisher Expectation-Maximization (FEM) unsupervised algorithm working in a parameter space of 12 rest-frame magnitudes and spectroscopic redshift. The model (DBk) and the number of classes (12) were established based on the joint analysis of standard statistical criteria and confirmed by the analysis of the galaxy distribution with respect to a number of classes and their properties. This new approach allows us to classify galaxies based on only their redshifts and ultraviolet to near-infrared (UV-NIR) spectral energy distributions. Results. The FEM unsupervised algorithm has automatically distinguished 12 classes: 11 classes of VIPERS galaxies and an additional class of broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGNs). After a first broad division into blue, green, and red categories, we obtained a further sub-division into: three red, three green, and five blue galaxy classes. The FEM classes follow the galaxy sequence from the earliest to the latest types, which is reflected in their colours (which are constructed from rest-frame magnitudes used in the classification procedure) but also their morphological, physical, and spectroscopic properties (not included in the classification scheme). We demonstrate that the members of each class share similar physical and spectral properties. In particular, we are able to find three different classes of red passive galaxy populations. Thus, we demonstrate the potential of an unsupervised approach to galaxy classification and we retrieve the complexity of galaxy populations at z similar to 0.7, a task that usual, simpler, colour-based approaches cannot fulfil.

引用

页数：25

共 24 条

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Krywult, J.
Tasca, L. A. M.
Pollo, A.
Vergani, D.
Bolzonella, M.
Davidzon, I.
Iovino, A.
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Haines, C. P.
Scodeggio, M.
Guzzo, L.
Zamorani, G.
Garilli, B.
Granett, B. R.
de la Torre, S.
Abbas, U.
Adami, C.
Bottini, D.
Cappi, A.
Cucciati, O.
Franzetti, P.
Fritz, A.
Le Brun, V.
Le Fevre, O.
Maccagni, D.
Malek, K.
Marulli, F.
Polletta, M.
Tojeiro, R.
Zanichelli, A.
Arnouts, S.
Bel, J.
Branchini, E.
Coupon, J.
De Lucia, G.
Ilbert, O.
McCracken, H. J.
Moscardini, L.
Takeuchi, T. T.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2017, 598
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Cucciati, O.
Franzetti, P.
Fritz, A.
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Krywult, J.
Le Brun, V.
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1600, EDP Sciences (594):
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Le Fevre, O.
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Zanichelli, A.
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Branchini, E.
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Cucciati, O.
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Fumana, M.
Garilli, B.
Krywult, J.
Le Brun, V.
Le Fevre, O.
Maccagni, D.
Malek, K.
Marulli, F.
McCracken, H. J.
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Peacock, J. A.
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Schlagenhaufer, H.
Scodeggio, M.
Tasca, L. A. M.
Tojeiro, R.
Vergani, D.
Zanichelli, A.
Burden, A.
Di Porto, C.
Marchetti, A.
Marinoni, C.
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Moscardini, L.
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