Translation and Psychometric Testing of the Healthcare Environment Survey in TurkeyS

AIM: This study aimed to translate and psychometrically test the Healthcare Environment Survey, describe the strengths and needs of job satisfaction for nurses in Turkey, and advance an international discussion across countries that used Healthcare Environment Survey. The Healthcare Environment Survey was the only instrument found that measured multiple facets of nurses' satisfaction in caring for patients. Healthcare Environment Survey has been psychometrically tested in Jamaica, Scotland, and the USA. METHOD: This study was a methodological design. A convenience sample of 400 nurses from 2 hospitals in Antalya, Turkey, was asked to complete the Healthcare Environment Survey. A total of 241 nurses (60.3%) responded to all 57 items. RESULTS: Factor analysis revealed all items loaded into 10 facets, with all factor loadings greater than 0.40, except 1 item regarding executive leadership. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of 0.91 revealed a good model fit. The Healthcare Environment Survey explained 75% of the variance in nurse job satisfaction. The Cronbach alpha coefficient for the 10 facets ranged from 0.83-0.90. A comparison of these results with the other 3 countries that used the Healthcare Environment Survey revealed that caring for patients had a high factor loading in Turkey, Scotland, and the USA but a low one in Jamaica. CONCLUSION: The Healthcare Environment Survey-Turkish form was found to be a valid and reliable tool, which could be used by nurse managers to evaluate satisfied and unsatisfied areas. It provides new opportunities for national/international benchmark, cooperation, and research with others.