Schopenhauer, Kant and Compassion

被引:11
|
作者
Guyer, Paul [1 ]
机构
[1] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA
关键词
Kant; Schopenhauer; Schiller; compassion; sympathy; moral feeling; duty; pure practical reason; motivation;
D O I
10.1017/S1369415412000155
中图分类号
B [哲学、宗教];
学科分类号
01 ; 0101 ;
摘要
Schopenhauer presents his moral philosophy as diametrically opposed to that of Kant: for him, pure practical reason is an illusion and morality can arise only from the feeling of compassion, while for Kant it cannot be based on such a feeling and can be based only on pure practical reason. But the difference is not as great as Schopenhauer makes it seem, because for him compassion is supposed to arise from metaphysical insight into the unity of all being, thus from pure if theoretical reason, while for Kant pure practical reason works only by effecting a feeling of respect (in the 'Critical' works) or by cultivating, i.e. affecting, natural dispositions to moral feeling (in the 'post-Critical' works). I argue that Kant's is the more realistic theory on this point.
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页码:403 / 429
页数:27
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