Antimicrobial Agents Administration among Patients with Extensively Drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Intensive Care Unit in Tertiary Care: A Hospital-based Study

Introduction: Infections caused by Extensively Drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (XDR-PA) is a medical problem worldwide. In Thailand, the incidence of XDR-PA bacteremia remains and is continuously increasing. Aim: To investigate an association between antimicrobial agent administration and the treatment of XDR-PA infection among patients admitted in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Materials and Methods: A hospital-based analytic cross-sectional study was performed from January 2014 to December 2015. Of these, 47 cases diagnosed with XDR-PA bacteremia infection and 94 controls without XDR-PA infection were enrolled. Data were retrieved and retrospectively reviewed from medical records of the patients hospitalised in the ICU at Roi-Et Hospital, Thailand. Multiple logistic regressions were used and perform to investigate an association between antimicrobial agent administrations for treatment of XDR-PA infection. Results: Third generation Cephalosporin (OR=1.99; 95%CI: 1.22 to 4.13), Ciprofloxacin (OR=3.40; 95%CI: 1.24 to 9.49) and Carbapenem (OR=4.66; 95%CI: 2.04 to 10.64) were more likely to be administrated for treatment of XDR-PA infection among patients. Conclusion: Antimicrobial agents associated with the treatment of XDR-PA bacteremia infection among patients were third generation Cephalosporin, Ciprofloxacin and Carbapenem.