Antioxidant Role of both Propolis and Ginseng against Neurotoxicity of Chlorpyrifos and Profenofos in Male Rats

The present study was an attempt to evaluate the toxic effect of both Chlorpyrifos and profenofos (organophosphorous insecticides) each alone and in their combinations with either propolis or ginseng and as well known that propolis and ginseng have been reported to be effective antioxidant, therefore, the present study was aimed to elucidate the possible ameliorative role of propolis and ginseng in alleviating the toxicity of both Chlorpyrifos and profenofos when given to male rats. This was done through studying the effects of both Chlorpyrifos and profenofos on some antioxidant enzymes in liver, Kidney and brain homogenates and by measuring acetylcholinesterase as well as histopathological changes in vital organ like Brain. Animals were divided into nine groups; The 1st (Control group): Animals received 1ml of distilled water orally daily for 8 weeks, The 2nd (Chlorpyrifos treated group) Animals were daily received oral doses of Chlorpyrifos (6.75 mg/Kg b.wt.) for 60 days, The 3rd (Profenofos treated group) Animals were received orally Profenofos (20 mg/Kg b.wt.) daily for 8 weeks, The 4th (Propolis treated group) Animals were received orally Propolis extract (70mg/kg) daily for 8 weeks, The 5th (Ginseng treated group) Animals were given orally Ginseng extract (200mg/Kg b.wt.) for 8 weeks daily, The 6th (Chlorpyrifos + Propolis treated group) Animals were given orally Chlorpyrifos (6.75 mg/Kg) and then co-administered with Propolis extract (70mg/kg b.wt.) for 8 weeks daily, The 7th (Chloropyrifos+ Ginseng treated group) Animals were given orally Chlorpyrifos (6.75 mg/Kg b.wt.) and then co-administered with Ginseng extract (200mg/Kg b.wt.) for 8 weeks daily, The 8th (Profenofos + Propolis treated group) Animals were given orally Profenofos (20 mg/Kg b.wt.) and then co-administered with Propolis extract (70mg/kg b.wt.) for 8 weeks daily, The 9th (Profenofos + Ginseng treated group) Animals were given orally Profenofos (20 mg/Kg) and then co-administered with Ginseng extract (200mg/Kg) as mentioned above for 8 weeks daily. Results showed that there was a correlation between CPF and PRF administration and the highly significant increase of the antioxidant enzymes, Cortisol and neurotransmitter (Acetylcholinesterase). In contrary to these actions, co-administration of propolis and ginseng to CPF and PRF-treated rats retrieved almost most of these biochemical parameters to normal levels. On the other hand, CPF and PRF showed histopathological alterations in brain of male rats like hemorrhage and mild degeneration, while administration of both propolis and ginseng highly ameliorate these dangerous neurotoxicity markers. [Abd El-Aziz A. Diab, El-Sayed A. Abd El-Aziz, Ahmed A. Hendawy, Mansour H. Zahra and Reham Z. Hamza. Antioxidative Role of both Propolis and Ginseng against Neurotoxicity of Chlorpyrifos and Profenofos in Male Rats. Life Sci J 2012; 9(3):987-1008]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 141